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Calculators/Everyday

Everyday calculators

Unit conversion, home and trade quantities, cooking, pets and photography: the practical calculations that daily life actually runs on.

Conversion

Unit converters that show the full ladder of equivalents at once, not just the one pair you asked for, across length, mass, volume and more.

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Length & distanceMetric and imperial length, from millimetres to nautical miles.Weight & massGrams, kilograms, pounds, ounces, stone and tonnes.Volume & capacityLitres, millilitres, gallons, pints, cups and cubic units.AreaSquare metres, hectares, acres and square feet.SpeedKilometres per hour, miles per hour, metres per second, knots.TimeSeconds through to centuries.Digital storageBytes, kilobytes, mebibytes and the binary versus decimal split.PressurePascals, bar, psi, atmospheres and millimetres of mercury.EnergyJoules, calories, kilowatt-hours and BTU.PowerWatts, kilowatts, horsepower and BTU per hour.AngleDegrees, radians, gradians and turns.Cooking measuresCups, spoons, millilitres and fluid ounces for the kitchen.TemperatureCelsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin and Rankine.Fuel economyLitres per 100 km, miles per gallon and km per litre.Height & weight (imperial ↔ metric)Feet-and-inches and stone-and-pounds, both ways.Hex to RGB Colour ConverterConverts a hex colour code to its RGB values, or RGB values to a hex code, both directions.Nm to ft-lbs ConverterConverts between newton-metres and foot-pounds of torque, both directions.Minutes in a YearHow many minutes are in a year, for a common, leap or average calendar year, or a number of years.Ha to Acres (Australia)Converts hectares to acres or acres to hectares, for sizing Australian rural and farm land.Tablespoons to Grams ConverterConverts tablespoons to grams or grams to tablespoons, for a chosen ingredient, both directions.Cup to mL ConverterConverts cups to millilitres or millilitres to cups, for a US, metric or UK/Imperial cup.Cubic Meter CalculatorVolume in cubic metres of a box, room or load from its length, width and height.Scale CalculatorConverts a real-world measurement to a scaled drawing or model size, or a scale value back to real life.Binary to Text ConverterConverts binary (8-bit groups) to readable text, or text to binary, in either direction.Seconds in a Year CalculatorHow many seconds are in a year, for a common, leap or average calendar year, or a number of years.Mbps download timeHow long a download or upload takes at a given Mbps speed, or the speed needed for a target time.mg to mL ConverterConverts milligrams to millilitres or millilitres to milligrams, for water or a chosen liquid density.Density unit converterConverts a density value between g/cm3, kg/m3, kg/L, g/mL, lb/ft3 and oz/in3.Minutes to Seconds ConverterConverts minutes to seconds or seconds to minutes, both directions.Days to Years CalculatorConverts days to years or years to days, both directions, using an average calendar year.Days to Months CalculatorConverts days to months or months to days, both directions, using an average calendar month.Months to Years CalculatorConverts months to years or years to months, both directions, using the exact 12 months in a calendar year.Kms to Miles CalculatorConverts kilometres to miles or miles to kilometres, both directions, using the exact 1.609344 factor.Fahrenheit to Celsius CalculatorConverts Fahrenheit to Celsius or Celsius to Fahrenheit, both directions, including common oven temperatures.Gematria CalculatorConverts a word or phrase to its numeric value under English, Hebrew or Pythagorean gematria.Ounces to Grams ConverterConverts ounces to grams or grams to ounces, using the exact 28.3495 g factor.Light Year ConversionConverts light-years to kilometres, miles or astronomical units, both ways.Kg to Litres ConverterConverts kilograms to litres or litres to kilograms for a substance of a given density, since the two units are not directly equivalent.Zulu Time ConverterConverts a local clock time to Zulu (UTC) time from a UTC offset, with the date change flagged.m/s to km/h ConverterConverts metres per second to kilometres per hour or km/h to m/s, using the exact ×3.6 factor.Nm to M Converter (Length)Converts nanometres to metres or metres to nanometres, an exact base-10 length conversion.Milliseconds to Seconds ConverterConverts milliseconds to seconds or seconds to milliseconds, both directions.Ounces to mL ConverterConverts fluid ounces to millilitres or millilitres to fluid ounces, US or UK/Imperial.Teaspoon to mL ConverterConverts teaspoons to millilitres or millilitres to teaspoons, standard or US size.Minutes to Decimal CalculatorConverts minutes to a decimal fraction of an hour, or a decimal back to minutes.Fluid Ounces to Cups ConverterConverts fluid ounces to cups or cups to ounces, using the exact 8 fl oz = 1 cup ratio.Kilos to Stones CalculatorConverts kilograms to stones and pounds, or stones to kg, using the exact 6.35029 kg factor.Dozen ConverterConverts between dozens and individual items, using the fixed 1 dozen = 12 count.Million to Billion ConverterConverts between millions and billions, using the fixed factor of 1,000 million per billion.Cents to Dollars CalculatorConverts cents to dollars or dollars to cents using the fixed 100-cents-per-dollar relationship.Mbps to MB/sConverts network speed in megabits per second to megabytes per second, and back.Cubic Centimetres to MillilitresConverts cubic centimetres (cm3) to millilitres, using the exact 1:1 relationship between the two units.Billion to Trillion ConverterConverts between billions and trillions, using the fixed factor of 1,000 billion per trillion.Megabits to Megabytes CalculatorConverts a data amount between megabits (Mb) and megabytes (MB), the size of a file or download rather than a transfer speed.Time to Decimal CalculatorConverts a full time of hours, minutes and seconds into decimal hours, such as 2:15:00 into 2.25.Hex to Text ConverterConverts hexadecimal byte pairs to readable text, or text to hex, in either direction.Crore CalculatorConverts between the Indian numbering system (lakh, crore) and the Western system (million, billion).Weeks per Year CalculatorHow many weeks are in a year, or any chosen number of years, using both the rounded 52-week figure and the precise average.Watts to Kilowatts ConverterConverts watts to kilowatts or kilowatts to watts, using the exact ÷1,000 factor.PPM to mg/L ConverterConverts parts per million to milligrams per litre for dilute water-based solutions, where 1 ppm is approximately 1 mg/L.Kg to Newtons ConverterConverts a mass in kilograms to a weight force in newtons, or back, using gravitational acceleration.kPa to PSI Tyre Pressure ConverterConverts tyre pressure between kilopascals, PSI and bar, in either direction.Mm to Imperial ConversionConverts millimetres to inches, both as a decimal and as the nearest common fraction of an inch, for trade and engineering use.Seconds to Days ConverterConverts seconds to days, or days to seconds, using the fixed 86,400 seconds per day.Minutes to Days CalculatorConverts minutes to days, or days to minutes, using the fixed 1,440 minutes per day.mL to µL ConversionConverts millilitres to microlitres, or microlitres to millilitres, using the fixed 1,000 µL per mL, for lab and pipette work.Quart to Cups ConverterConverts US quarts to cups or cups to quarts, using the exact 1 quart = 4 cups ratio.Drops in mL ConversionConverts a volume in millilitres to a total drop count, or drops back to millilitres, using an editable drop factor.TorqueNewton-metres, foot-pounds, inch-pounds and kilogram-force metres.Concentration (ppm, ppb, %)Parts per million, parts per billion and percentage, as the same ratio expressed differently.12-hour ↔ 24-hour (military) timeClock time converted to 24-hour military format, and back.KSI to MPa ConverterConverts stress or pressure values between ksi and megapascals, in either direction.Microgram to milligram converterConverts microgram (mcg) amounts to milligrams, or milligrams to micrograms, both directions.Grams to MillilitresConverts grams to millilitres or millilitres to grams, using a density you set, not a fixed 1:1 factor.Baking Pan Size (Inches to cm) ConverterConverts a baking pan's length and width from inches to centimetres, with common pan sizes for quick reference.Weeks to Years ConverterConverts weeks to years or years to weeks, both directions, using the exact 365.25/7 average.PPM CalculatorConverts a percentage to parts per million, or ppm back to a percentage, using the fixed 1% = 10,000 ppm ratio.Mbps to Gbps ConverterConverts network speed between megabits and gigabits per second (1,000 Mbps = 1 Gbps).mL to Cups ConverterConverts millilitres to cups or cups to mL, with metric, US customary or US legal cup sizes.Grams to caloriesConverts grams of protein, carbs, fat or alcohol to calories, or calories back to grams.Seconds to Years ConverterConverts seconds to years or years to seconds, both directions, using an average calendar year.Kilobytes to Megabytes CalculatorConverts kilobytes to megabytes or back, letting you choose the binary (1024) or decimal (1000) convention.Mil to mm ConverterConvert mils (thousandths of an inch) to millimetres and back, using the fixed 0.0254 mm-per-mil definition.CC to mL conversionConvert cc to mL exactly (a 1:1 equivalence), plus equivalents in fluid ounces and tablespoons.Astronomical distance (AU, light-year, parsec)Distances across the solar system and beyond: astronomical units, light-years and parsecs.Degrees, minutes, seconds ↔ decimal degreesConverts a geographic coordinate between decimal degrees and degrees-minutes-seconds format.Mbps to GB Data TransferredHow many gigabytes move at a given Mbps speed over a chosen duration.Hours to Years ConverterConverts hours to years or years to hours, both directions, using an average calendar year.Ounces to Grains CalculatorConverts avoirdupois ounces to grains, or grains to ounces, in either direction.Joules to VoltsVoltage from energy in joules and electric charge in coulombs, since the two units need a charge value to relate.Square Inch to Square FootConverts a known area between square inches and square feet, in either direction.Hours to Seconds ConverterConverts hours to seconds or seconds to hours, both directions, using the exact 3,600 seconds per hour factor.Fuel Cost Per Km CalculatorCost of fuel for a distance or trip, from a consumption rate in L/100km and the price per litre.Mils to mm CalculatorConverts thousandths of an inch (mils, or thou) to millimetres, and back again.Cc ConverterConverts cubic centimetres to millilitres, litres or cubic inches, and back.House Square to Square Metres ConverterConverts the old real-estate "square" (100 sq ft) to square metres, or square metres back to squares.Upload CalculatorHow long a file will take to upload, from the file size and your upload speed.Billiard Table Sizes CalculatorPlaying-surface dimensions, area and rail perimeter for standard pool and snooker table sizes, converted to any unit.Pixel to Inches ConversionConverts a pixel measurement to inches, or inches to pixels, at any DPI you choose.Mg per dL to Mmol per L ConverterConverts mg/dL to mmol/L or back, for any substance, using an editable molar mass.Greek Gematria CalculatorConverts Greek letters to their traditional isopsephy numeric value, alpha through omega.Download Time CalculatorHow long a file will take to download, from the file size and your download speed.Pint to Cups CalculatorConverts pints to cups (or cups to pints) using either the US or UK imperial pint definition.Megabytes to Gigabytes CalculatorConverts megabytes to gigabytes or back, using either the decimal (1000) or binary (1024) convention.Mesh to Micron ConverterApproximate opening size in microns for a given sieve or screen mesh number, and back again.Days to Weeks CalculatorConverts any number of days to weeks, or weeks back to days, both directions.Square Feet to Square Metres ConverterConverts a known area between square feet and square metres, both directions.Upload Speed CalculatorWorks out the effective upload speed from a file size and the time an upload actually took.Kg to Gallons ConverterConverts kilograms to US or UK gallons or back, for a substance of a given density.Speed Unit ConverterConverts a speed between metres per second, kilometres per hour, miles per hour, knots and feet per second.Minutes to Decimal Hours ConverterConverts hours and minutes into decimal hours for timesheets, or a decimal figure back into hours and minutes.Square Yards CalculatorWorks out an area in square yards from length and width in feet, yards or metres, with the equivalent in square feet and square metres.Inch-Pounds to Newton-Metres ConverterConverts torque between inch-pounds, foot-pounds and newton-metres, in either direction.Millilitres ↔ grams (kitchen liquids)Converts ml to grams or grams to ml for water, milk, honey and other common liquids.Hectares to AcresConverts between hectares and acres, both directions, using the exact 2.47105 factor.Inches to CmConverts between inches and centimetres, both directions, using the exact 2.54 cm factor.Grams in a TablespoonWeight in grams of a tablespoon of a common ingredient, such as butter, sugar or flour.Pounds to KilosConverts between pounds and kilograms, both directions, using the exact 0.453592 kg factor.Minutes to HoursConverts between minutes and hours, both directions, with the result also shown as hours and minutes.Knots to Km/hConverts between knots and kilometres per hour, both directions, using the exact 1.852 factor.Hours to DaysConverts between hours and days, both directions, including the remainder as hours.Weeks to MonthsConverts between weeks and months, both directions, using an average calendar month.mcg to mgConverts between micrograms and milligrams, both directions, using the exact 1000x factor.Tablespoon to mLConverts tablespoons to mL or mL to tablespoons, for US, UK/metric or Australian sizes.

Home & build

Quantities and sizing for renovation, landscaping and trade work: paint, tiles, concrete, timber and roofing, with the waste allowance on each.

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Paint requiredLitres of paint for walls, allowing for doors and windows.Flooring & tilesBoxes of tiles or boards needed, including wastage.Concrete volumeCubic metres for a slab, footing or set of posts.Mulch, soil & gravelBulk material for a garden bed at a given depth.Roof pitch & rafter lengthAngle, slope factor and true roof area.Fencing & decking materialsPosts, rails and boards for a run of fence or deck.Air conditioner sizingCooling capacity for a room, adjusted for sun and occupancy.Tank & pool volumeCapacity of a rectangular or round tank in litres.Soil CalculatorHow much soil or potting mix is needed to fill a garden bed, raised bed or pot, in volume and bags.Decking CalculatorDeck area, boards needed, screws and an estimated material cost from your deck dimensions.Steel Plate Weight CalculatorWeight of a steel plate from its length, width and thickness, with an editable density.Drywall sheets neededPlasterboard sheets for a room, allowing for openings and waste.Bricks or blocks neededMasonry units for a wall, from unit size and mortar joint thickness.Stair rise & runStep count, riser height and comfort check for a straight staircase.Pavers & bedding sandNumber of pavers and bedding sand volume for a patio or path.Roof shingle bundlesBundles of shingles needed, accounting for slope and waste.Board feet of lumberBoard feet and cost for a batch of dimensional lumber.Baluster / spindle spacingEven spindle count and gap for a stair or deck railing.Wallpaper rolls neededRolls required for a room, accounting for pattern repeat.Wall stud countStuds needed for a wall on a chosen centre spacing, plus openings.Ladder angle & base distanceSafe base distance and length for a leaning ladder, using the 4-to-1 rule.Insulation thickness & coverageThickness needed to hit a target R-value, and rolls required for an area.Beam DeflectionMaximum deflection of a cantilever or simply-supported beam under a point load, from its length, load and stiffness.Bending StressMaximum bending stress in a beam from the applied bending moment, distance to the extreme fibre and second moment of area.Pipe Volume CalculatorInternal volume a pipe can hold in litres and cubic metres, from outer diameter, wall thickness and length.Gravel CalculatorVolume and weight of gravel needed for an area and depth, with an editable density and bag size.Glass Weight CalculatorWeight of a flat glass pane from its length, width and thickness, with an editable density for different glass types.Concrete Weight CalculatorWeight of a concrete slab, footing or block from its dimensions, with an editable density.Pitch CalculatorRoof pitch as a rise:run ratio, angle in degrees and slope percentage, from rise and run measurements.Sand CalculatorVolume and weight of sand needed for an area and depth, with an editable density and bag size.Pipe Fall CalculatorDrainage or pipe fall in mm of drop per metre of run, for a given slope angle in degrees.Aluminium Sheet Weight CalculatorWeight of an aluminium sheet or plate from its length, width and thickness, with an editable density.Tonnage CalculatorEstimated air conditioning tonnage needed for a room or building, from its floor area and a climate guideline.Mitre Cut CalculatorMitre saw angle needed on each piece to join two pieces of trim or framing at a given corner angle.Fence Picket SpacingHow many pickets fit a fence run at a chosen width and gap, adjusted to fit evenly.Lawn Mowing Cost CalculatorEstimated cost per mow and per year for a lawn, from your own area and price inputs.Road Base CalculatorVolume and weight of road base needed for a driveway or path, with an editable density and bag size.Brick Course Height CalculatorHeight of one brick course, and how many courses reach a target wall height.CFM Airflow CalculatorAirflow in cubic feet per minute, from duct area and air velocity, or from room volume and air changes per hour.Balustrade Spacing CalculatorHow many balusters fit a railing run within a maximum allowable gap, adjusted to fit evenly.GPM to LPM CalculatorConverts flow rate between gallons per minute and litres per minute, US or imperial gallon, either direction.Carpet quoteTotal carpet cost for a room from area, carpet price per m², underlay and installation.Belt Length CalculatorLength of a flat or V-belt wrapped around two pulleys, from their diameters and centre distance.Door / window header sizeMinimum header depth for a rough opening, using the standard light-framing rule of thumb.Fence post hole depthHow deep to set a fence or deck post below grade, and the total post length to buy.Post hole concreteConcrete needed to set posts in round holes, allowing for the post itself.Board and batten sidingBattens needed to cover a wall at a chosen spacing, plus base board coverage.French drain materialsGravel and pipe needed for a French drain trench.Rebar for a concrete slabBar count and total length for a two-way rebar grid in a slab or footing.Tile grout neededWeight of grout for a tiled area, from tile size and joint dimensions.Ramp slope & lengthSlope ratio, angle and ramp length for a given rise, checked against the ADA maximum.Bending MomentMaximum bending moment in a simply-supported or cantilever beam, from its load and span.Wall Stud Spacing CalculatorNumber of wall studs needed for a wall length at a chosen on-centre spacing.Concrete Cylinder StrengthCompressive strength of a standard concrete test cylinder from its failure load.Moisture Content CalculatorMoisture content of a material from wet and dry weight, on either a wet basis or a dry basis.Pavers Need CalculatorNumber of individual pavers needed to cover an area, from paver size and a waste allowance.Shed Cost EstimatorRough materials cost for a shed from floor area, a materials price per m², and optional slab, roofing and extra costs.Mortar CalculatorMortar volume and bags needed for a brick or block wall, from wall size and joint thickness.Cubic Volume CalculatorVolume of a rectangular box from length, width and height, in cubic metres, cubic feet and litres.Concrete Mix Ratio CalculatorCement, sand and aggregate quantities for a target volume, from any editable mix ratio.Steel Bar Weight CalculatorWeight of a round steel bar or rod from its diameter, length and density.1 in X Fall Ratio CalculatorConverts a drainage or slope ratio written as "1 in X" into an actual fall in mm over a given run length.Battery Amp Hour CalculatorAmp-hour capacity needed to run a known current draw for a set number of hours.Miter Cut Angles CalculatorThe miter angle to cut on each piece of a regular multi-sided frame, from the number of equal sides.Ha per Hour CalculatorWork rate in hectares per hour from an area covered and the time taken, or the time needed to cover a target area at that rate.GPM CalculatorWorks out flow rate in gallons per minute from a volume of liquid and the time it took to move.Retaining wall blocksNumber of retaining wall blocks for a wall from its length, height and block size.Deck footing countNumber of footings for a deck frame at a chosen maximum footing spacing.Well water volumeWater volume held in a well casing from its diameter and the water column depth.Roof truss countNumber of roof trusses for a building length at a chosen on-centre spacing.Board-on-board fenceBoards, posts and rails for a board-on-board fence, from the board overlap.Taper CalculatorTaper ratio and included angle of a shaft or workpiece from its large diameter, small diameter and length.Fabric CalculatorLength of fabric needed for a rectangular project, from its dimensions, fabric width and a wastage allowance.Thread Pitch CalculatorConvert between metric thread pitch and threads per inch (TPI) for screws, bolts and taps.Battery Charging Time CalculatorHours to charge a battery from its amp-hour capacity, current charge state and charging current.Sandstone Block Weight CalculatorWeight of a rectangular sandstone block from its length, width, height and density.Metric Thread CalculatorMajor, pitch and minor diameter, and tap drill size, for a standard ISO metric thread designation.Slope Percentage CalculatorConverts a rise and run into a percentage grade and an angle in degrees, for ramps, driveways or any general slope.Silicone Sealant CalculatorCartridges of silicone sealant or caulk needed for a run of joints, from bead size and cartridge volume.Roof Truss Cost Australia CalculatorTotal roof truss cost from the truss count needed for a building length and a free price per truss.Picket Spacing CalculatorHow many pickets fit a fence run and the actual evenly-distributed gap between them.Timber Beam Span CalculatorSimplified deflection check for a simply-supported timber beam under a uniform load, as a rough guide only.Vinyl Flooring Cost CalculatorTotal cost of vinyl flooring from area, price per square metre and wastage.Timber Weight Australia CalculatorWeight of a length of timber from its dimensions and species density, with common Australian species as presets.Stair Angle CalculatorStair pitch angle from total rise and run, with per-step rise and going and a code-comfort check.Occupancy Load CalculatorMaximum occupancy for a floor area, from a chosen occupant load factor per square metre.Square Footage CalculatorWork out the area of a room or space in square feet from its length and width.Wall Framing Stud CalculatorHow many studs a wall needs at a chosen spacing, plus the plate timber, allowing for openings and corners.Pipe Grade and Fall CalculatorConverts a drainage pipe grade into the fall over a run, in either direction, as a ratio, percentage and angle.Speaker Box Internal Volume CalculatorInternal volume of a rectangular speaker enclosure from its external dimensions and panel thickness.Rainwater harvesting yieldWater a roof collects from a given rainfall, and how long a tank takes to fill.Pipe weightWeight of a length of hollow pipe from its diameter, wall thickness and material.Rolling offset (pipefitting)True offset, travel and run for a pipe that must dodge an obstacle both sideways and up.Concrete block core fillGrout volume to fill the hollow cores of concrete masonry blocks.Insulation upgrade paybackYearly energy saved by raising the R-value of one building element, and how long the upgrade takes to pay for itself.Septic tank sizingWorking volume and sludge allowance for a septic tank from occupancy, daily flow and retention time, with the desludging interval it implies.Floor area ratio (FAR)Ratio of building floor area to lot size, and the max floor area a zoning FAR limit allows.Paver sand neededVolume and weight of bedding or joint sand needed to cover a paver area at a given depth.Arch radius from rise and spanRadius of the circular arc that gives a doorway or window arch its rise and span.Sheet metal bend allowanceFlat pattern length added by a bend, from thickness, radius, angle and the K-factor.Sheet metal punch forceForce needed to punch a hole through sheet metal, from the hole perimeter and material.Bolt circle spacingStraight-line spacing between adjacent bolt holes evenly spaced on a bolt circle.Air changes per hourHow many times an hour a ventilation system replaces a room's air.Bathroom mirror sizeRecommended mirror width and height from your vanity and ceiling.Furnace size (BTU)Heating capacity needed for a home, from floor area, climate band and insulation.Metal bar & sheet weightWeight of a metal plate, bar or round rod from its dimensions and material density.Lumber weightWeight of dimensional lumber or a stack of boards, from species density and count.

Everyday

Practical comparisons for shopping, travel, cooking and time: the small calculations that add up, from unit pricing to fuel costs and tipping.

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Trip fuel costFuel and time for a journey, split between passengers.Unit price comparisonWhich pack is actually cheaper per unit.Recipe scalerRescales quantities and adjusts baking time.Aspect ratio & screen sizeResize while keeping proportions, or find screen dimensions.Pizza & round-item valueArea per dollar: the honest way to compare sizes.Reading & speaking timeHow long a word count takes to read aloud or silently.Password strengthEntropy in bits and how long a brute force would take.Coffee brew ratioGrounds and water for a chosen strength.Hours of work to buy somethingPrices a purchase in hours of your life.Words per minuteReading speed in words per minute, from a word count and the time it took to read.Weekly work hoursAdds up hours worked across a week from a daily figure, with an overtime threshold.Minutes in a dayHow many minutes are in a day, or in any number of days, hours or weeks.SubnetNetwork address, broadcast address and usable host range for an IPv4 address and CIDR prefix.Working days left in the yearWeekdays remaining from any date to 31 December that year, and the year's full working-day total.Day counterA running day count from a start date to today or any other date, framed as "Day N".Hours in a yearHow many hours are in a year, for a common, leap or average calendar year, or a number of years.Week Number CalculatorISO week number for any date, or the date range covered by a given week and year.Bold Text Generator (Unicode)Turns typed text into Unicode bold, italic or bold-italic characters that paste as real formatting anywhere.Fuel Consumption CalculatorWorks out your actual fuel consumption rate from a distance travelled and the fuel used, in L/100km, km/L and mpg.Date and time calculatorAdds or subtracts days, hours and minutes together from a single starting date and time.Date duration calculatorThe gap between two dates expressed as a single total in years, months, weeks and days at once.Day of the year calculatorWhich numbered day of the year, from 1 to 365 or 366, any date falls on.Superscript GeneratorTurns typed text into Unicode superscript characters, for exponents, footnotes and ordinal-style text.What Year Will It Be CalculatorThe calendar year a chosen number of years and months from any starting date.Nether Portal CalculatorOverworld to Nether coordinates and back, using the fixed 8:1 ratio.Aspect Ratio (16:9 & more)Matching width or height for a target ratio like 16:9, or the simplified ratio of two sizes.Business Days in a MonthCounts the weekdays in any calendar month, minus any public holidays that fall on one.Pig Latin TranslatorTranslates English text into Pig Latin, moving each word's leading consonants to the end and adding "ay".Wedding Anniversary CalculatorYears married, the traditional gift for that anniversary year, and days until the next one, from a wedding date.Shoe Size ConverterConverts a shoe size between US, UK and EU sizing for men's or women's shoes.Upside-Down Text GeneratorFlips typed text into upside-down Unicode characters, reversed to read correctly when inverted.Small Text GeneratorTurns typed text into small Unicode capital letters that paste as smaller-looking text anywhere.Title Case ConverterCapitalises a piece of text into title case, following the AP style rule of lower-casing minor words except at the start or end.Electricity Bill CalculatorEstimates a power bill from usage in kWh, your rate per kWh, and any fixed daily supply charge.Months Between Two DatesWhole months and remaining days between two dates, plus the total as a decimal.Circle Skirt CalculatorFabric radius needed for a full, half or other fraction circle skirt from waist and skirt length.RAID CalculatorUsable storage capacity and fault tolerance for RAID 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10 arrays.Travelling Time by CarDriving time from distance and average speed, plus an allowance for traffic and stops.D&D 5e Point Buy CalculatorSpends a 27-point budget on the six D&D 5e ability scores, using the official fixed cost table.Jeans Size CalculatorConverts a US jeans size to UK, EU and waist measurement, for men's or women's cuts.Birth Year CalculatorWorks out the possible birth year for someone at a given current age, as a range of two years.Subscript GeneratorTurns typed text into Unicode subscript characters, for chemical formulas and footnote indices.Check Expiry Date CalculatorWorks out the expiry date from a purchase date and shelf life, and how many days remain.Hair Grow in Month CalculatorTotal hair growth over a number of months at a chosen, editable monthly growth rate.Vocal Range CalculatorClassifies a voice type, bass to soprano, from a lowest and highest comfortable note.eDPI (Effective DPI)Mouse DPI multiplied by in-game sensitivity, the number used to compare sensitivity across games and mice.Calendar CalculatorDay of the week, ISO week number, quarter and day of year for any date.Age Difference CalculatorYears, months and days between two people's dates of birth, and who is older.Elapsed Time CalculatorElapsed time between a start date and time and an end date and time, in days, hours, minutes and seconds.Hair Length Chart CalculatorMatches a hair length in inches or cm to the closest category on a standard hair-length chart.Mayan Calendar ConverterConverts a Gregorian date to the Mayan Long Count, Tzolkin and Haab calendar dates, using the standard GMT correlation.Cursive Writing GeneratorTurns typed text into Unicode cursive-style mathematical script characters that paste as styled text anywhere.Hours in a Week CalculatorHow many hours are in a week, or any chosen number of weeks, from the fixed 168-hour week.US Coin Value CalculatorTotal dollar value from a count of US pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters, half-dollars and dollar coins.Caesar Cipher CalculatorEncodes or decodes text with a Caesar shift cipher, or tries all 25 shifts when the shift is unknown.Case Sensitive Text ComparisonCompares two pieces of text and shows whether they match case-sensitively and case-insensitively.Add Time CalculatorAdds two or more time durations together (hours, minutes and seconds) to get a combined total duration.Watts to Watt Hours CalculatorConverts power in watts and a running time into energy used in watt-hours and kilowatt-hours, with an optional cost estimate.Baby Age CalculatorA baby or infant’s current age in weeks and months from their date of birth, not just years.Ring Size ConverterConverts between US/Canada ring sizes, UK/Australian letter sizes, EU sizes and finger circumference or diameter.Korean ageTraditional Korean age from a birth year, and the difference from international age.Fish Tank Gallons to LitresConverts a fish tank size between US gallons and litres, either direction, using the exact 3.78541 L per US gallon factor.TV Mounting HeightThe recommended height for the centre of a TV screen above the floor, based on seated eye level.Poker Hand StrengthRanks a 5-card poker hand into its standard category, from high card up to a royal flush.Years Between Two DatesThe span between two dates expressed as decimal years, plus the whole-years-and-days breakdown.Battery charge timeHow long a device takes to charge from its current level to a target level.Typing speed (WPM)Gross and net words per minute, and accuracy, from a timed typing sample.Luggage linear inchesChecks a bag against an airline’s combined length + width + height limit.Cost of a meetingWhat a meeting actually costs in attendee salary time.True cost per mile to driveAll-in running cost of a vehicle, spread across the miles driven.Weight of a pile of cashHow much a dollar amount weighs in bills or coins.2-stroke fuel mix ratioOil to add to a volume of petrol for a chosen mix ratio.Generator sizingGenerator capacity needed to cover a set of appliances, including starting surge.LED bulb savingsElectricity and replacement-bulb savings from switching to LED lighting.Event tables & seatingTables needed for a guest count, for round or rectangular tables.Pomodoro session plannerHow many focused work intervals a task will take, breaks included.Money saved by quitting smokingWhat not buying cigarettes adds up to over time.Roll length remainingHow much material is left on a roll, from its diameter and material thickness.Cost of a showerWater and water-heating energy cost for one shower.EV home charging cost & timeCost and time to charge an electric vehicle from one charge level to another.Binge-watch time plannerTotal time to finish a TV series, and how many days that takes.Moon phase finderThe approximate Moon phase on any date, from the lunar synodic cycle.Weighted blanket sizeRecommended blanket weight from body weight, using the common 10% rule.Mobile data usageDaily and monthly data use from your everyday activities, and how long a data cap will last.Gold Weight CalculatorWeight of a gold item from its volume and karat purity, with density editable for custom alloys.Morse Code TranslatorConverts text to Morse code or Morse code back to text, covering letters A-Z and digits 0-9.Half Birthday CalculatorThe date exactly six months after (or before) a birth date, and how many days until it next falls.TV Size CalculatorRecommended TV screen size from viewing distance, or recommended viewing distance from screen size.Tie Length CalculatorRecommended necktie length for a given height, using standard, short and long/XL sizing bands.Dilution Ratio CalculatorConcentrate and water needed for a mixing ratio such as 1:10, from the total volume you need to make up.Paving cost estimateEstimated material and labour cost to pave an area, from your own price and waste inputs.Playback SpeedNew watch time and time saved when a video or audio track is played faster or slower.Weeks Left in the Australian Financial YearWeeks and days remaining until 30 June, the end of the Australian financial year.KD (Kill/Death) Ratio CalculatorKill/death ratio from a kill count and a death count, the core gaming performance stat.Age From Birth Year CalculatorCurrent age from a birth year alone, as a range of two possible ages.Steps to weight lossEstimated calories burned from a daily step count, and the resulting weight change over a chosen period.D&D 5e Hit Points CalculatorCharacter hit points at any level, using the 5th-edition SRD hit die and Constitution rules.Microwave Wattage ConverterAdjusts a recipe cooking time from one microwave wattage to another.Dress Size CalculatorConverts a US womens dress size to the equivalent UK, EU and Australian size numbers.Paper Thickness CalculatorWorks out the thickness of a single sheet from a measured stack, or the height of a stack from a known sheet thickness.Minecraft Stack CalculatorConverts a Minecraft item count to stacks and leftover items, or stacks back to a total, with an editable stack size.Days in a Month CalculatorHow many days a given month has, including whether a February falls in a leap year.Leetspeak (1337) ConverterConvert plain text to leetspeak, or decode common leetspeak back to letters.ASCII ConverterConverts text to its ASCII decimal and hex codes, or decodes a list of ASCII codes back to text.Acre SizeHow big an acre actually is, in square feet, square metres, square yards and hectares.Music Note DurationHow long a musical note lasts in seconds and milliseconds, at a given tempo.Carpool cost sharingSplits a shared commute's fuel cost fairly among riders.Commute cost & time comparisonCompares driving to public transit for a regular commute, in cost and time.Toilet paper: how long a pack lastsHow many days a pack of toilet roll lasts a household, from usage per person.Firewood needed for the seasonHow many cords of firewood a heating season needs, from stove burn rate and heating days.Tire size & speedometer differenceOverall diameter, circumference and speedometer error between two tire sizes.Crosswind & headwind componentSplits a wind reading into the part blowing across your path and the part blowing along it.Packing boxes estimateHow many moving boxes a household will need, from room count plus kitchen and fragile items.Cost Per Unit CalculatorCost per single unit from a total cost and the number of units, for production, buying in bulk or pricing.Reading Time by Page Count CalculatorHow long it takes to read a given number of pages, from an editable words-per-page figure and reading speed.Fuel Range CalculatorEstimated distance a vehicle can travel on its remaining fuel, from tank amount and consumption rate.Minutes Between Two Times CalculatorMinutes, and hours and minutes, elapsed between two clock times on the same or the next day.Curtain SizeCurtain width and drop from your window or rod size, a fullness ratio and where the hem should sit.Underline Text GeneratorTurns typed text into underlined-looking Unicode text by inserting a combining low line after every character.Future Age CalculatorWorks out how old you will be in a chosen future year, from your current age and the current year.Beats Per Minute (BPM) CalculatorTurns a beat count over a timed interval into a rate per minute, for a pulse or a musical tempo.Song Length CalculatorEstimates a song’s length from its tempo, beats per bar and number of bars.Harry Potter Currency ConverterConverts Galleons, Sickles and Knuts using the fixed wizarding exchange rates, both ways.Belt sizeBelt size to buy from a waist measurement, using the standard buckle allowance.Standing desk heightStanding desk surface height from your height, using the elbow-height ergonomic ratio.Screen viewing distanceRecommended seating distance from a screen size and target field of view.Sunscreen amountSunscreen to apply per full-body application, from the dermatology 2 mg/cm² rule.Hammock hang angleRidgeline length and hang-point drop for a comfortable hammock sag between two anchors.Time Percentage CalculatorWhat percentage of a day or any other period a given duration represents, and the reverse.Uptime CalculatorConverts an uptime percentage such as 99.9% into the equivalent allowed downtime per year, month, week and day.Day Number to Date CalculatorTurns a day-of-year number (1-366) into the actual calendar date for a chosen year.Paper Quantity ConverterConverts between individual sheets, quires and reams of paper using standard paper-trade quantities.Text Case ConverterConverts a block of text to lower case, UPPER CASE or Title Case.Plant Spacing CalculatorHow many plants fit a garden bed at a chosen spacing, in a grid pattern.Chinese Age CalculatorTraditional Chinese (East Asian) age, counted as 1 at birth and rising by one at each Lunar New Year.File Transfer Speed CalculatorThe effective transfer speed of a completed file transfer, worked backwards from file size and the time it actually took.Dimensional (Volumetric) Weight CalculatorWorks out a parcel’s dimensional weight from its dimensions, and compares it against the actual weight to find the chargeable weight couriers use.Forced induction boost & pressure ratioPressure ratio, density gain and effective displacement from a boost pressure.Engine compression ratioStatic compression ratio for an engine cylinder from bore, stroke and clearance volume.Cross-stitch fabric sizeFabric size to buy for a cross-stitch pattern, from stitch count, fabric count and margin.Bean bag fillingFiller needed for a bean bag chair from its filled dimensions, using the standard bead density.Clay shrinkageFired size of a clay piece after drying and firing shrinkage, from its wet (greenware) size.Sidereal timeLocal sidereal time for a date, UTC time and longitude, the star clock astronomers use.EV vs petrol running costCompares the energy cost of driving electric against petrol over a year, and finds the prices at which the two break even.Towing capacity and payloadChecks a loaded vehicle and trailer against its payload, gross vehicle mass, combination mass and towing limits, and finds which one binds first.Balloon arch balloon countBalloons needed for a single-row or garland balloon arch from its size and balloon diameter.Cost per minuteBreaks a total cost down to a rate per minute, for calls, rentals, or metered time.Tablecloth sizeTablecloth dimensions needed for a table, from its size and how far you want the drop.Curtain fabric neededFabric width and panel count for curtains, from window size and desired fullness.Pool salt neededHow much salt to add to a saltwater pool to reach a target concentration.Bath vs. shower water useCompares the water used filling a bath against taking a shower of a given length.Hat sizeHat size number from head circumference, plus the letter size.Glove sizeGlove size number and letter size from a hand circumference measurement.Paper sheet & ream weightWeight of a sheet or a stack of paper from its GSM and dimensions.Helium balloon liftHow many balloons of a given size are needed to lift a payload.Winch sizeRecommended winch pulling capacity from vehicle weight and a safety factor.Lumens to wattsPower draw needed for a target brightness, by bulb technology.Event tent sizeFloor area and footprint needed for a party or event tent, by seating style.Toothpaste tube lifeHow many days a toothpaste tube lasts a household, from tube size and brushing habits.Days until ChristmasA countdown to the next 25 December, worked out from any starting date.Days in a year or monthHow many days are in any year or month, with the leap year worked out for you.Anniversary calculatorYears, months and days since an anniversary date, and when the next one falls.Date calculatorAdd or subtract days, weeks, months or years from any date.Hours calculatorHours and minutes between two clock times, including overnight spans.Days calculatorHow many days between two dates, counted either way.Time between datesFull breakdown of years, months, weeks and days between two dates.Difference between two numbersAbsolute difference, percentage difference and percentage change between two numbers.Months calculatorWhole months and remaining days between two dates, or a set number of months between them.Weeks in a monthHow many calendar weeks a given month spans, based on its day count and starting weekday.Leap year checkerWhether any given year is a leap year, using the 4/100/400 rule, plus the nearest leap years either side.Days until a dateHow many days from today until any target date you enter, or how many days have passed if it is behind you.Weeks between two datesWhole weeks and remaining days between two dates, plus the total as a decimal.Days till Christmas in AustraliaA countdown to the next 25 December, with the Australian summer Christmas context.

Food

Kitchen and brewing ratios: baker’s percentages, hydration, dilutions, yields and the maths behind a recipe that scales without going wrong.

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Grams in a Teaspoon of PowderWeight in grams of a teaspoon of a common powdered ingredient, such as flour, cocoa or baking soda.ABV CalculatorAlcohol by volume of a mixed drink blended from several components of different strengths.Grams to Teaspoons ConverterConverts between grams and teaspoons for common baking and cooking ingredients, in either direction.Food CalorieTotal calories in a meal from protein, carbohydrate and fat grams, using the 4/4/9 rule.Baker’s percentage & hydrationExpresses each dough ingredient as a percentage of the flour weight, as bakers do.Brine strengthSalt needed to make a brine of a given strength, by weight of the water.ABV from gravity readingsAlcohol by volume of a home-brewed beer or wine from hydrometer readings.Alcohol dilutionWater needed to cut a spirit down from one ABV to a weaker target ABV.Yeast type converterA quantity of yeast converted between active dry, instant and fresh (cake) forms.Self-rising flour from all-purposeBaking powder and salt to turn plain flour into self-rising flour.Rice to water ratioWater needed to cook a given amount of rice, and the approximate cooked yield, by rice type.Dry to cooked pasta weightHow much a portion of dry pasta weighs once boiled, given its typical expansion factor.Party drink plannerTotal drinks needed for a party, split across beer, wine and spirits.Cake servingsHow many servings a round or rectangular cake yields at a given slice size.Ice cream overrunHow much the volume of a churned ice cream mix has grown from the air whipped into it.Plain Flour to Self Raising Flour CalculatorHow much baking powder to add to plain flour to make self-raising flour, standard ratio.Catering Amount Per PersonHow much rice, popcorn kernels or pizza to buy for a group, using standard catering serving guidelines.Uncooked to Cooked Rice CalculatorConverts uncooked rice weight to cooked weight, or back, using a typical published cooking ratio by rice type.Steak Cooking TimePan-sear or grill time per side for a steak, by thickness and desired doneness.Cups to grams (ingredient weight)Converts a volume measure of a common ingredient to weight, using typical ingredient density.Turkey roasting & thawing plannerOven time and refrigerator/cold-water thawing time for a turkey, from its weight.Cake pan size converterRescales a recipe's batter amount when swapping to a different pan shape or size.BBQ / party food plannerProtein, sides and drinks to buy for a barbecue or party, per guest.Alcohol For PartyTotal drinks needed for a party, from guest count, event length and an editable drinks-per-hour rate.Pounds to Cups (Dry Ingredient)Converts pounds of a dry ingredient to cups using an editable weight-per-cup figure.Kilojoules from MacrosTotal kilojoules in a food or meal from its protein, fat and carbohydrate content.Ham per personHow much ham to buy for a group, by bone-in or boneless serving guidelines.Priming sugarSugar to add for bottle-carbonating a home-brewed beer to a target CO2 level.Cake pricingA sale price for a custom cake from ingredient cost, labour and a target profit margin.Meat per Person for a BBQTotal meat to buy for a barbecue from guest numbers and a chosen amount per person.Cake Tin Conversion CalculatorScales a recipe from one cake tin size to another using the ratio of their baking areas.Pizzas For A Group CalculatorNumber of pizzas to order for a group, from guest count, slices per person and slices per pizza.Fresh to dried herb conversionDried herb amount to substitute for a fresh herb quantity in a recipe, or the reverse.Garlic form converterEquivalent amount of minced, powdered or granulated garlic for a number of fresh cloves.Air fryer conversionConverts an oven recipe to an air fryer by dropping the temperature and shortening the time, with a first check well before the end.Turkey thawing timeTime needed to safely thaw a turkey in the refrigerator or in cold water, by weight.Bacon curing ratiosDry-cure salt, pink curing salt and (for wet brining) water for a pork belly, by weight.Molecular SO2 in wineThe antimicrobially active molecular SO2 fraction, from free SO2 and wine pH.Drink chilling timeTime for a drink to cool to a target temperature, using Newtons law of cooling.Ham cooking timeOven roasting time for a ham, from its weight and whether it is fully cooked or fresh.Mashed potatoes per personHow much mash to make and how many raw potatoes to buy for a group.BBQ grill sizeGrilling surface area needed for a cookout, and an equivalent round grill diameter.Egg boiling timeBoiling time for an egg by size and doneness, scaled from a large-egg baseline.Tea steeping guideRecommended water temperature and steep time by tea type, and leaves needed for a batch.Oil to butter converterConverts a recipe quantity between cooking oil and butter using the standard baking ratio.Popcorn yieldPopped popcorn volume from a quantity of unpopped kernels, and servings it makes.Grams to cupsConverts a weight of a common baking ingredient to cups, using typical ingredient density.Butter Tablespoons to GramsConverts tablespoons of butter to grams, or grams to tablespoons, both directions.

Pets

Sizing, feeding and age-conversion maths for the animals in your household, from crate size and litter use to daily calories and hay by the bale.

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Dog age in human yearsA dog's age converted to a human-equivalent age using the epigenetic-clock formula.Cat age in human yearsA cat's age converted to an equivalent human age using the standard veterinary chart.Pet gestation & due dateExpected birth date range for a common pet or farm animal, from the breeding date.Dog & cat daily caloriesDaily energy needs from resting energy requirement and an activity factor.Dog daily water intakeRoughly how much water a dog needs per day, by activity level.Dog crate sizeMinimum crate dimensions so a dog can stand, turn around and lie stretched out.Turtle tank sizeMinimum water volume for a pet turtle based on shell length.Chicken coop & run sizeMinimum floor space for a flock, depending on how much outdoor access they get.Dog chocolate toxicity riskTheobromine dose from chocolate eaten, checked against published toxicity thresholds.Rabbit cage sizeMinimum enclosure dimensions based on a measured hop, body length and standing height.Dog daily food amountDaily feeding amount as a percentage of body weight, by life stage.Cost of owning a petFirst-year and ongoing costs from your own monthly and one-off figures.Guinea pig & hamster ageHuman-equivalent age for a guinea pig or hamster from published veterinary age charts.Fish tank stockingRoughly how many inches of fish a freshwater community tank can hold.Pet bird ageHuman-equivalent age for a pet bird, scaled by its species’ typical lifespan.Horse weight estimateEstimated adult horse body weight from a heart-girth and body-length tape measurement.Round pen panel countFence panels needed to build a round training pen from its diameter and panel length.Cat litter plannerHow much litter a household gets through in a month, from tray size, depth and how often it is changed, with the bags and the cost.Horse hay requirementDaily hay for a horse as a percentage of bodyweight, adjusted for dry matter and pasture, with bales and cost for a planning period.Dog harness sizeRecommended harness size from chest girth, the measurement harnesses are actually fitted to.Dog heat cycle predictorEstimated stage dates and next heat window from the last cycle's start date.Fish weight estimateEstimated live weight of a fish from its length and girth, without using a scale.

Photography

The maths behind exposure, depth of field, ND filters, time-lapse intervals, star trails, shutter angle and the storage a shoot will actually need.

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ND filter exposureThe shutter speed a neutral density filter needs, from a filter labelled in stops, as an ND number or as an optical density.Time-lapse intervalHow long a time-lapse clip runs from the shooting interval, how many frames it takes and how much card space they need.500 rule for star photographyThe longest exposure before stars trail, from focal length and crop factor, with a stricter divisor and a declination allowance.Shutter angle to shutter speedConverts a cine shutter angle to a shutter speed at any frame rate, and finds the angle that matches a shutter speed you want.Depth of FieldNear and far sharpness limits from focal length, aperture, sensor format and subject distance.Exposure EquivalentThe matching change needed in a second setting to hold exposure equivalent after changing one.Print Resolution (DPI)Resulting DPI for a print size, or the maximum print size for a target DPI.Video File SizeVideo file size in megabytes and gigabytes from bitrate and duration.Photo Shoot StorageTotal storage needed for a shoot from photo count, photo size and video minutes.Crop Factor Equivalent Focal LengthFull-frame-equivalent focal length for a lens used on a cropped-sensor camera.

Aviation

Airspeed, wind, fuel burn, density altitude and weight and balance, plus descent planning, climb gradient and engine-out glide range for pilots.

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Top of descentHow far out to start down for a given descent angle, with the rate of descent and the time it takes.Wind correction angleThe heading to fly to hold a track in a crosswind, with the groundspeed that results and the time for a given leg.Climb gradientConverts a rate of climb and groundspeed into a climb gradient in feet per nautical mile, and checks it against a required departure gradient.Glide distanceHow far an aircraft glides from a given height at its best glide ratio, adjusted for a headwind or tailwind, and the height needed to reach a field.True Airspeed EstimateQuick true airspeed estimate from indicated airspeed and altitude, the pilot rule of thumb.Runway Crosswind & Headwind ComponentSplits wind into crosswind and headwind/tailwind for a given runway heading and wind direction.Fuel Burn Endurance & RangeFlight endurance and still-air range from usable fuel, burn rate and cruise speed.Density Altitude EstimateQuick density altitude estimate from pressure altitude and outside air temperature.Weight & Balance (Centre of Gravity)Total weight and centre of gravity from up to four weight-and-arm stations.

3D Printing

Filament use, resin cost, print time and scaling maths for FDM and resin printing, plus hotend flow limits and extruder step calibration.

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Maximum volumetric speedThe volumetric flow a print setting demands in cubic millimetres per second, and the fastest print speed the hotend can actually feed.Resin print costWhat a resin print costs in material, allowing for supports, a failure rate and the price of a bottle.Extruder steps per mmCorrected extruder steps per millimetre from a measured extrusion test, with the error it removes.Filament Weight & CostEstimated filament weight and cost for a print, from model volume, material and infill.Print Time EstimateRough print time from total filament length needed and the printer feed rate.Layer Count & Solid Shell LayersPrint layer count from model height, and solid layers needed for a target shell thickness.Infill Volume & WeightEffective print volume from shell volume, interior volume and infill percentage.Shrinkage Compensation ScalingScale factor to apply in the slicer so a printed part comes out at the intended size.